火炸药学报

从实验和理论方面综述了N5(包括“V”型N+5和环状N-5)衍生物的近期研究进展。介绍了N+5及其衍生物N+5AsF-6、N+5SbF-6和N+5[P(N3)6]-等10个离子盐的合成以及N+5M-(M = Sb(OH)6、Sb(OH)4F2、AlF6、AlF4、BF4、B(CF3)4、PF6、AsF6和SbF6)和N+5B(N3)-4的理论研究; N-5及其衍生物[Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O等19个金属配合物(其中12个配位聚合物)和(N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl等17个非金属含能离子盐的合成以及BaN5、CuN5和M(N5)3(M = Al、Ga、Sc和Y)的理论研究,对N-5衍生物的能量性能进行了比较; 并简单介绍了N-5的高压合成方法; 指出了N5衍生物的发展趋势。附参考文献45篇。

The recent research progress of N5(including “V” type N+5 and cyclic N-5)derivatives is reviewed in terms of experiment and theory. The syntheses of N+5 and its 10 ion salts, such as N+5AsF-6, N+5SbF-6 and N+5[P(N3)6]-; the theoretical studies of N+5M-(M=Sb(OH)6, Sb(OH)4F2, AlF6, AlF4, BF4, B(CF3)4, PF6, AsF6 and SbF6)and N+5B(N3)4-; the syntheses of N-5 and its derivative [Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O etc. 19 metal complexes(of which 12 coordination polymers)and(N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl etc. 17 non-metallic energetic ion salts; and the theoretical studies of BaN5, CuN5 and M(N5)3(M = Al, Ga, Sc and Y)are introduced, and the energetic performances of N-5 derivatives are compared. The development process of high-pressure synthesis of N-5 is summarized, and the development trends of N-5derivatives are pointed out with 45 references.

引言
1 N⁺₅衍生物合成研究
2 N^-₅衍生物合成研究
3 理论研究
4 展望

图1 N+5Sb2F-11的单晶结构<br/>Fig.1 Single-crystal structure of N+5Sb2F-11

图1 N+5Sb2F-11的单晶结构
Fig.1 Single-crystal structure of N+5Sb2F-11

图2 内装小于500mg N+5[P(N3)6]-爆炸后的9mm特氟龙-FEP安瓿瓶<br/>Fig.2 9mm o.d. Teflon-EP ampule after explosion of less than 500mg of N+5[P(N3)6]-

图2 内装小于500mg N+5[P(N3)6]-爆炸后的9mm特氟龙-FEP安瓿瓶
Fig.2 9mm o.d. Teflon-EP ampule after explosion of less than 500mg of N+5[P(N3)6]-

图3 A. Vij等利用质谱首次检测到N-5<br/>Fig.3 First MS detection of N-5 by A. Vij,et al

图3 A. Vij等利用质谱首次检测到N-5
Fig.3 First MS detection of N-5 by A. Vij,et al

图4 (N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl和[Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O的晶体结构<br/>Fig.4 Single crystal structure of(N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl and [Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O

图4 (N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl和[Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O的晶体结构
Fig.4 Single crystal structure of(N5)6(H3O)3(NH4)4Cl and [Na(N5)(H2O)]?2H2O

图5 实验和理论方法相结合在高压下发现材料的方法示意图<br/>Fig.5 Schematic of combined experimental and theoretical approaches for materials discovery at high pressures

图5 实验和理论方法相结合在高压下发现材料的方法示意图
Fig.5 Schematic of combined experimental and theoretical approaches for materials discovery at high pressures

图6 实验检测到的CsN5和LiN5<br/>Fig.6 Experimentally detected CsN5 and LiN5

图6 实验检测到的CsN5和LiN5
Fig.6 Experimentally detected CsN5 and LiN5

图7 结构搜索发现的60GPa下的两个CsN5晶体结构<br/>Fig.7 Crystal structures of two CsN5 polymorphs at 60GPa discovered during the structure search

图7 结构搜索发现的60GPa下的两个CsN5晶体结构
Fig.7 Crystal structures of two CsN5 polymorphs at 60GPa discovered during the structure search

表1 金属-N-5配合物<br/>Table 1 Metal-N-5 complexes

表1 金属-N-5配合物
Table 1 Metal-N-5 complexes

图8 [Na8(N5)8(H2O)3]n的纳米笼结构<br/>Fig.8 Nanocages of [Na8(N5)8(H2O)3]n

图8 [Na8(N5)8(H2O)3]n的纳米笼结构
Fig.8 Nanocages of [Na8(N5)8(H2O)3]n

图9 MPF-1的纳米笼结构<br/>Fig.9 Nanocages of MPF-1

图9 MPF-1的纳米笼结构
Fig.9 Nanocages of MPF-1

图10 N-5的首批非金属含能离子盐的合成<br/>Fig.10 Syntheses of the first series of non-metallic energetic pentazolate salts

图10 N-5的首批非金属含能离子盐的合成
Fig.10 Syntheses of the first series of non-metallic energetic pentazolate salts

图11 N-5的羟胺盐、铵盐和肼盐的合成<br/>Fig.11 Syntheses of the hydroxylammonium, ammonium, and hydrazinium pentazolate salts

图11 N-5的羟胺盐、铵盐和肼盐的合成
Fig.11 Syntheses of the hydroxylammonium, ammonium, and hydrazinium pentazolate salts

图12 N-5含能盐的快速合成<br/>Fig.12 Rapid syntheses of the energetic pentazolate salts

图12 N-5含能盐的快速合成
Fig.12 Rapid syntheses of the energetic pentazolate salts

表2 N-5衍生物的能量性能<br/>Table 2 Energetic properties of N-5 derivatives

表2 N-5衍生物的能量性能
Table 2 Energetic properties of N-5 derivatives

图13 理论预测的N+5B(N3)-4、BaN5和CuN5的结构<br/>Fig.13 Theoretical predicted structures of N+5B(N3)-4, BaN5 and CuN5

图13 理论预测的N+5B(N3)-4、BaN5和CuN5的结构
Fig.13 Theoretical predicted structures of N+5B(N3)-4, BaN5 and CuN5

图14 理论预测的Al(N5)3、Ga(N5)3、Sc(N5)3和Y(N5)3的结构<br/>Fig.14 Theoretical predicted structures of Al(N5)3, Ga(N5)3, Sc(N5)3 and Y(N5)3

图14 理论预测的Al(N5)3、Ga(N5)3、Sc(N5)3和Y(N5)3的结构
Fig.14 Theoretical predicted structures of Al(N5)3, Ga(N5)3, Sc(N5)3 and Y(N5)3

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备注

引言

1 N⁺₅衍生物合成研究

2 N^-₅衍生物合成研究

3 理论研究

4 展望

期刊信息

备注

引言

1 N+5衍生物合成研究

2 N-5衍生物合成研究

3 理论研究

4 展 望

期刊信息

1 N⁺₅衍生物合成研究

2 N^-₅衍生物合成研究

4 展望