真空条件下炸药爆炸特性试验研究

(西安近代化学研究所, 陕西 西安 710065)

爆炸力学; JO-8炸药; 爆炸罐; 冲击波压力; 准静态压力; 比冲量; 效应靶; 内爆威力

Experimental Research on the Explosion Performance of Explosives under Vacuum Conditions
ZHANG Guang-hua, LI Biao-biao, SHEN Fei, WANG Sheng-qiang, WANG Hui

(Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065,China)

explosion mechanics; JO-8 explosive; explosion tank; shock wave pressure; quasi-static pressure; impulse; effect target; implosion power

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.201903005

备注

为了对比分析公斤级炸药在常压及真空环境下的内爆威力,以JO-8炸药为研究对象,在真空爆炸罐内进行了常压和真空条件下的内爆威力试验,分析了炸药在不同条件下的内爆威力。结果 表明,真空条件下,正对爆炸产物传播方向所测壁面反射压峰值、准静态压力峰值分别是侧向的1.12倍及1.67倍,且正对爆炸产物传播方向的效应靶变形也远高于侧向效应靶变形,证明爆炸产物在真空环境下的传播具有明显的方向性; 常压下所测壁面反射压峰值、准静态压力峰值分别是真空条件下的1.74倍及5.17倍,且效应靶变形情况相对于真空条件下也更为严重,证明炸药在常压条件下比真空条件下具有更强的毁伤威力,这是由于真空环境下缺少空气介质造成的。

In order to carry out comparative analysis on the implosion power under atmospheric and vacuum conditions, the implosion experiments were applied for JO-8 explosive in a vacuum explosion tank and the implosion power under different conditions was analyzed. The results show that the peak reflected pressure in the forward direction of explosion product propagation is 1.12 times the value in the side direction in vacuum and the peak quasi-static pressure in the forward direction of explosion products propagation is 1.67 times the value in the side direction. The deformation of the effect target in the forward direction of propagation is greater than that in the side direction, proving that the propagation of explosion products has distinct directionality in vacuum. The peak reflected pressure and peak quasi-static pressure under atmosphere are 1.12 and 1.67 times the values in vacuum respectively. Simultaneously, the deformation of the effect target is greater than that in vacuum, showing that stronger damage power is produced under atmospheric pressure because of the lack of air medium in vacuum.