含氟唑类含能化合物分子设计及性能预测
杨 雷1,谭 明2,刘玉存1,荆苏明1,廖龙渝3

(1.中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西 太原 030051; 2. 四川华川工业有限公司,四川 成都 610106; 3.中国工程物理研究院,四川 绵阳 621000)

量子化学; 含氟唑类含能化合物; 分子设计; 性能预测; 高密度; 撞击感度

Molecular Design of Fluorine-Containing Azole Energetic Compounds and Its Application Performance Prediction
YANG Lei1,TAN Ming2,LIU Yu-cun1,JING Su-ming1, LIAO Long-yu3

(1.School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China; 2.Sichuan Huachuan Industries Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610106, China; 3.China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang Sichuan 621000, China)

quantum chemistry; fluorinated azole energetic compounds; molecular design; performance prediction; high density; impact sensitivity

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.201907018

备注

以三唑和四唑为主体骨架结构设计了11种新型含氟唑类含能化合物,采用密度泛函理论,优化了化合物的几何结构,计算了化合物的密度、生成焓、爆速、爆压和撞击感度等相关性能参数。计算结果表明,含氟基团的引入使化合物具有较高的键离解能和较好的热稳定性,且对化合物的撞击感度影响较小; 除二氟氨基二硝基联三唑外所有化合物的密度均在1.90g/cm3以上,爆速均在8.32～11.13km/s之间,爆压均在31.97～56.31GPa之间; 所有化合物都具有较好的热稳定性,其键离解能均大于230kJ/mol; 化合物的撞击感度分布在17.51～38.85cm之间; 各基团对化合物密度贡献的大小顺序为:-OCF3>-CF3>-NF2>-F>-CF(NO2)2,基团对能量贡献的大小顺序为:-F(NO2)2>-OCF3>NF2; 根据理论计算结果优选出了两种性能较好的含能化合物1-三氟甲氧基-3,5-二硝基-1H-1,2,4-三唑和1-三氟甲基-3,5-二硝基-1,2,3,4-四唑,两种化合物的密度分别为2.03和2.10g/cm3,生成焓分别为-170.73和-146.24kJ/mol,爆速分别为9.32和9.23km/s,爆压分别为40.23和32.60GPa,二者能量水平高于DNMT; 撞击感度(H50)分别为33.10和38.85cm。

Eleven new fluorine-containing azole energetic compounds were designed with high density energetic compounds as the research target and triazole and tetrazole as the main skeleton structures. The geometric structure of the compound was optimized by density functional theory. Then the density, enthalpy of formation, detonation velocity, detonation pressure, impact sensitivity and other relevant performance parameters were calculated. The calculation results show that the introduction of fluorine-containing groups renders the compound higher bond dissociation energy and better thermal stability,and has less effect on the impact sensitivity of the compound. The densities of the compounds were above 1.90g/cm3 except difluoroaminodinitrotriazole. The detonation velocities of the compounds were among 8.32 and 11.13km/s, and detonation pressures were from 31.97 to 56.31GPa. The thermal stability of the compounds were good, and their bond dissociation energies are more than 230kJ/mol. The impact sensitivity of the compounds ranges from 17.51 to 38.85cm. The order for the contribution of groups to the density of the compounds is -OCF3>-CF3>-NF2>-F>-CF(NO2)2, and the contribution of groups to energy is -F(NO2)2>-OCF3>NF2. According to the results of the theoretical calculation, two energetic compounds 1- trifluoromethoxy-3,5-dinitro-1h-1,2,4-triazole and 1- trifluoromethyl-3,5-dinitro-1,2,3,4-tetrazole with better performance are selected. The densities of the two compounds are 2.03g/cm3 and 2.10g/cm3, respectively. The enthalpy of formation are -170.73kJ/mol and -146.24kJ/mol, respectively. The detonation velocities are 9.32km/s and 9.23km/s, and the detonation pressure are 40.23 and 32.60GPa, respectively. The energy level is higher than DNMT.The impact sensitivity are 33.10 and 38.85cm,respectively.