分子钙钛矿含能材料DAP-4的制备及性能表征
陈康宇1,宋小兰1,王 毅2,于志宏1,寇 勇3,安崇伟1

(1.中北大学 环境与安全工程学院,山西 太原 030051; 2.中北大学 材料科学与工程学院,山西 太原 030051; 3.南京理工大学 化学与化工学院,江苏 南京 210094)

分子钙钛矿含能材料; DAP-4; 生成焓; 机械感度; 爆轰性能; 燃烧性能

Preparation and Performance Characterization of Molecular Perovskite Energetic Material DAP-4
CHEN Kang-yu1, SONG Xiao-lan1, WANG Yi2, YU Zhi-hong1, KOU Yong3, AN Chong-wei1

(1.School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; 2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China; 3.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

molecular perovskite energetic material; DAP-4; enthalpy of formation; mechanical sensitivities; detonation performance; combustion performance

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202310012

备注

采用化学法合成了分子钙钛矿含能材料DAP-4,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能量色散光谱(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(IR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和元素分析对DAP-4性能进行了表征; 利用氧弹式量热仪和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)测试了DAP-4的生成焓(ΔHf)及DAP-4的热分解性能,同时测试了其机械感度、爆轰性能和燃烧性能; 将DAP-4应用于CMDB推进剂中,测试了其定容和定压燃烧性能。结果表明, DAP-4的生成焓为278.6kJ/mol,升温速率20℃/min下的热分解峰温高达392.5℃,热分解活化能(EK)为247.2kJ/mol,热爆炸临界温度(Tb)达到631.6K,远高于HMX的Tb值; DAP-4的撞击感度与TNT相近,摩擦感度与CL-20相近,爆速与RDX接近; DAP-4及其混合炸药的化学储能、作功能力和对金属的加速能力明显高于RDX和HMX,与CL-20持平。定容燃烧实验表明,含DAP-4的CMDB-1推进剂燃烧速率最快,燃烧压力最高,增压速率也最高。定压燃烧实验表明,CMDB-1的燃烧温度最高,达3501℃。
Molecular perovskite energetic material DAP-4 was synthesized by chemical methods, and it was characterized by using SEM, EDS, XRD, IR, XPS, and elemental analysis. The enthalpy of formation(ΔHf)and the thermal decomposition performance of DAP-4 were tested by using the oxygen bomb calorimeter and DSC technology. Its mechanical sensitivity, detonation performance, and combustion performance were also carried out. The DAP-4 was used in CMDB propellant, and the constant volume combustion and the constant pressure combustion performance were tested. The results show that the enthalpy of formation of DAP-4 was determined as 278.6kJ/mol. At a heating rate of 20℃/min, the peak temperature of thermal decomposition reached 392.5℃, the activation energy of thermal decomposition(EK)was 247.2kJ/mol, and the critical temperature of thermal explosion(Tb)reached 631.6K, which was much higher than that of HMX. The impact sensitivity of DAP-4 was similar to that of TNT, and the friction sensitivity was closed to CL-20. The detonation velocity of DAP-4 was as high as that of RDX. The chemical energy storage, work capacity, and metal acceleration ability of DAP-4 and its mixed explosives were significantly higher than those of RDX and HMX, which was closed to CL-20. The constant volume combustion experiment showed that the CMDB-1 propellant containing DAP-4 had the fastest burning rate, the highest combustion pressure, and the highest pressurization rate. The constant pressure combustion data showed that the combustion temperature of CMDB-1 propellant was the highest, which can reach 3501℃.
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