球形ADN及ADN@AP复合粒子的制备与性能研究

(1.南京理工大学 化学与化工学院&国家超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏 南京 210094; 2.湖北航天化学技术研究所,湖北 襄阳 441003)

物理化学; 二硝酰胺铵; ADN; 球形化; 吸湿性; 复合粒子; 撞击感度

Preparation and Properties of Spherical ADN and ADN@AP Composite Particles
LIU Shi-shuo1,YAO Nan2,WANG De-qi1,TAN Tian-yu1,XU Guo-zhen1,WU Shi-xi2,LIU Jie1

(1.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology & National Special Superfine Powder Engineering Research Center of China,Nanjing 210094,China; 2.Hubei Institute of Aerospace Chemical Technology,Xiangyang Hubei 441003,China)

physical chemistry; ammonium dinitramide; ADN; spherical; hygroscopic; composite particles; impact sensitivity

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202207008

备注

为了改善二硝酰胺铵(ADN)的吸湿性,提高其安全性能,促进其大规模实际应用,采用溶剂-非溶剂法制备球形ADN及ADN@AP复合粒子。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、TG-DSC同步热分析仪、撞击感度仪、恒温恒湿箱对所制备样品的形貌、晶体结构、热分解性能、撞击感度和吸湿性进行表征和测试,并与原料ADN、ADN/AP混合物进行比较。结果表明,ADN@AP复合粒子以ADN为核,AP为壳,形状规则; 相比于原料ADN和ADN/AP混合物,ADN@AP复合粒子的反应活化能降低了35.1kJ/mol和10.73kJ/mol,撞击感度降低了100.10%和26.52%,ADN@AP复合粒子相比原料ADN在24h后绝对吸湿率降低了213%,表明复合粒子的热分解性能得到改善,降感降吸湿性效果显著。
In order to improve the hygroscopicity of ammonium dinitramide(ADN), increase the safety performance of ADN and promote the large-scale practical application of ADN, the spherical ADN and ADN@AP composite particles were prepared by using solvent-nonsolvent method. The morphology, crystal structure, thermal decomposition performance, impact sensitivity and hygroscopicity of the samples were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffractometer, infrared spectrometer, TG-DSC synchronous thermal analyzer, impact sensitivity meter and constant temperature and humidity chamber, respectively, and the results were compared with those of raw ADN and ADN/AP mixture. The results show that ADN@AP composite particles have a regular shape with ADN as the core and AP as the shell. Compared with the raw ADN and ADN/AP mixture, the activation energy of ADN@AP composite particles decreased by 35.1kJ/mol and 10.73kJ/mol, respectively, and the impact sensitivity decreased by 100.10% and 26.52%, respectively. The hygroscopicity of ADN@AP composite particles decreased by 213% after 24h compared to raw ADN, indicating that the thermal decomposition performance of the composite particles was improved, the sensitivity and the hygroscopicity are significantly decreased.
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