DNP与DNAN基熔铸炸药的性能对比
雷 伟1,张蒙蒙1,王红星1,杨 斐1,李秉擘1,罗一鸣1,2

(1.西安近代化学研究所,陕西 西安 710065; 2.火箭军工程大学,陕西 西安 710299)

物理化学; 3,4-二硝基吡唑; DNP; 2,4-二硝基苯甲醚; DNAN; 熔铸炸药; 载体炸药

Properties Comparison of DNP-based and DNAN-based Melt Cast Explosives
LEI Wei1, ZHANG Meng-meng1, WANG Hong-xing1, YANG Fei1, LI Bing- bo1, LUO Yi-ming1,2

(1.Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065,China; 2.Rocket Force University of Engineering, Xi'an 710299,China)

physical chemistry; 3,4-dinitropyrazole; DNP; 2,4-dinitrobenzene methyl ether; DNAN; melt cast explosive; carrier explosive

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202204011

备注

为了对比载体炸药3,4-二硝基吡唑(DNP)和2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)以及以其为基的熔铸炸药的性能,制备了不同载体的DNP基熔铸炸药和DNAN基熔铸炸药,系统研究了两种炸药的凝固特性、流变特性、安全性、能量以及力学性能。结果表明,载体炸药DNP和DNAN药柱内部形成的缩松缺陷均似漏斗状,DNP凝固过程中释放的结晶潜热小于DNAN; DNP基熔铸炸药的表观黏度大于DNAN基熔铸炸药的表观黏度; DNP基熔铸炸药的摩擦感度和撞击感度与DNAN基熔铸炸药相当,在强约束条件下两种混合炸药的慢速烤燃试验均发生爆炸反应; DNP基熔铸炸药和DNAN基熔铸炸药的爆速分别为8301m/s和7856m/s,爆压分别为29.6GPa和25.1GPa,格尼系数理论计算值分别为2.84和2.76mm/μs; DNP基熔铸炸药的抗压强度与DNAN基熔铸炸药相当,但前者的抗拉强度优于后者。得出在安全性基本相当的情况下,DNP基熔铸炸药的能量和力学性能优于DNAN基熔铸炸药。
To compare the properties of carrier explosives of 3,4-dinitropyrazole(DNP), 2,4-dinitrobenzene methyl ether(DNAN)and their based melt cast explosives, DNP-based melt cast explosives and DNAN-based melt cast explosives with different carriers were prepared. The solidification characteristics, rheological characteristics, safety, energetic and mechanical properties of two types of explosives were systematically studied. The results show that the shrinkage defects formed inside the carrier DNP and DNAN explosive grains are funnel-shaped, and the crystallization latent heat release of DNP during the solidification is less than that of DNAN. The apparent viscosity of DNP-based melt cast explosive is higher than that of DNAN based melt cast explosive. The friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity of DNP-based melt cast explosive are equivalent to that of DNAN. Under strong constraints, the slow cook-off test of the two types of mixed explosives are explosive reaction. The detonation velocities of DNP and DNAN are 8301m/s and 7856m/s, respectively, the detonation pressures are 29.6GPa and 25.1GPa, respectively, and the theoretical calculated values of Gurney coefficient are 2.84 and 2.76mm/μs, respectively; The compressive strength of DNP-based melt cast explosive is equivalent to that of DNAN-based melt cast explosive, but the tensile strength of the former is higher than that of the latter. Therefore, it is concluded that the energetic and mechanical properties of DNP-based melt cast explosive are better than those of DNAN-based melt cast explosive when the safety is basically the same.