1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑二羟胺盐在火炸药中的应用研究进展

(1.西安近代化学研究所,陕西 西安 710065; 2.北京系统工程研究所, 北京 100101)

应用化学; 1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑二羟胺盐; TKX-50; 富氮类含能离子盐; HATO

Application and Research Progress of Dihydroxylammonium 5,5’-bistetrazole-1,1’-diolate(TKX-50)in Explosives & Propellants
ZHANG Kun1,WANG Jian2,WANG Xiao-feng1,FENG Xiao-jun1

(1.Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China; 2.Beijing Institute of System Engineering, Beijing 100101, China)

applied chemistry; dihydroxylammonium5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate; TKX-50; physicochemical properties; compatibility; nitrogen-rich energetic ionic salts; HATO

DOI: 10.14077/j.issn.1007-7812.202104023

备注

概括了1,1'-二羟基-5,5'-联四唑二羟胺盐(TKX-50)化合物的合成与制备、晶体特性和力学性能,总结了其在性能改进、相容性、能量、安全性等应用方面的研究现状。对比了TKX-50与传统中性有机硝铵类材料的不同,指出TKX-50是离子盐结构,无传统含能基团—NO2,释能方式是以高能键断裂释放能量而不是氧化还原反应,使得计算得到的生成焓、爆热、燃烧热等能量特性与试验结果有巨大差异; 最后归纳总结了TKX-50的应用优势和存在问题,并展望了其未来发展方向及研究重点,指出应充分挖掘以TKX-50为代表的富氮类含能离子盐能量特性,利用此类材料特有性质,扩大其在火炸药领域应用范围。
The synthesis and preparation, crystal properties and mechanical properties of dihydroxylammonium-5,5'-bistetrazole-1,1'-diolate(TKX-50)compound are introduced, and the current research status on performance improvement, compatibility, energy, and safety applications are summarized. The difference between TKX-50 and traditional neutral nitramine explosives were compared. The TKX-50 is an ionic salt structure without the traditional energetic group —NO2, and the energy release method is by breaking high-energy bonds instead of redox reactions, which brings the calculated energy characteristics such as enthalpy of formation, detonation heat, and combustion heat have a large difference with the test results. Finally, the application advantages and existing problems of TKX-50 were summarized, and the future development direction and research focus were prospected. It is pointed out that the energy characteristics of nitrogen-rich energetic ionic salts represented by TKX-50 should be fully exploited, and the special properties of such materials should be utilized to expand their application in the field of propellants and explosives.
·